The Dow Jones Industrial average soared 1.47% today–or 520 points–as the Federal Reserve’s favorite inflation measure showed that inflation continued to fall in October. The inflation news, the market decided, was exceedingly good news for the old economy stocks in the Dow 30. In contrast, the new economy stocks in the NASDAQ Composite fell 0.23% on the day.
The pace of improvement in the U.S. inflation rate is set to slow in the coming year. According to the economists surveyed by Bloomberg in its latest monthly outing, the core personal consumption expenditures (PCE) price index-—-the Federal Reserve’s preferred measure of inflation–will still be running at a 2.5% pace at the end of 2024. That’s up slightly from the 2.4% prediction in last month’s Bloomberg poll. Importantly it’s still significantly higher than the Fed’s 2% target inflation rate.
The U. S. economy, economists project, grew at the fastest rate in nearly two years in the third quarter. The actual figures from the Bureau of Economic Analysis get released before the market opens on Thursday, October 26. Gross domestic product grew at a 4.3% annualized pace in the quarter, according to the median projection in a Bloomberg survey of economists.
Today’s Consumer Price Index report on inflation had just enough bad news on inflation to keep one more interest rate increases from the Federal Reserve on the table for 2023. The all items CPI inflation rate rose 0.4% in September from August. That was slightly above the 0.3% monthly rate that economists had expected. The core rate, which excludes more volatile food and fuel prices, rose by 0.3% in the month, as expected by economists. The bad news in the core number is that the month to month rate of increase at 0.3% recently isn’t low enough to bring inflation down to the Fed’s 2% target.
The Federal Reserve’s preferred measure of inflation, the Personal Consumption Expenditures index (PCE) rose at the slowest monthly pace inAugust since late 2020. The core personal consumption expenditures price index, which strips out food and energy prices, climbed just 0.1% month to month in August, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis today, Friday, September 29. The so-called super core inflation index for services, which has been on the Fed’s watch list lately, also posted the smallest monthly advance since 2020. The super core rate also strips out housing costs. That rate climbed by just 0.1% in August.
Mortgage rates surged to a 23-year high this week. The rate on the average 30-year fixed mortgage increased to 7.31% from 7.19% the week prior, according to Freddie Mac. That’s the highest rate since mid-December 2000, when it averaged 7.42%.
Expect dueling news watches this week. Garnering most of the pixels will be the countdown to a government shutdown if Congress doesn’t pass a stopgap continuing resolution to keep funding the federal government by September 30. Odds are good right now that the House of Representatives won’t meet the deadline and the many government departments will shut down next week. And on Friday, investors get the next release of the Federal Reserve’s favorite inflation series, the Personal Consumption Expenditures index.
At today’s meeting the Federal Reserve’s Open Market Committee left the central bank’s policy interest rate at 5.25% to 5.50%. In its Dot Plot forecast the Fed signaled one more interest rate hike for 2023. In its forecast the bank said that rates would end 2023 at 5.6%. That’s roughly 25 basis points higher than today. None of this was surprising. The markets were looking for the Fed to stand pat at this meeting. Odds of that according to the CME FedWatch Tool were above 98% heading into the meeting. The market was calling the possibility of one more interest rate incree in 2023 essentially a coin toss. But the Fed did surprise for 2024.
In this Special Report I’m going to start by sorting out the data that the market’s moves will likely depend on for the rest of 2023. That’s today’s post, Part 1 of this Special Report. Then I’ll try to handicap the likelihood that the data will zig or zag. And give you a sense of how far away from the current consensus the actual result might fall. And then finally, I’ll give you 10 moves for the rest of 2023 that are the most likely, in my opinion, to result in profits and that won’t wind up costing you big if the data winds up throwing investors a curve.
Watch what the Federal Reserve says on Wednesday not what it does at the interest-rate setting meeting of the Open Market Committee. Everybody, I mean everybody, expects that the Fed will hold its benchmark interest rate steady at the current range of 5.25% to 5.50%. The odds, calculated from prices in the Fed Funds Futures market by the CME FedWatch Tool, stand at 98% that the central bank will do nothing. But this meeting also includes an update of the Fed’s Dot Plot forecast for future interest rates, inflation, unemployment and GDP growth. And those numbers will give investors the best available clue on what the Fed will do at its November meeting and int 2024.
The theory, for today at least, is that the uptick in CPI inflation for August doesn’t change the basis calculus at the Federal Reserve.
CPI headline, all-items inflation rose at a 3.2% annual rate in July. That was up from the 3% annual rate in June and the first increase after 12 months of steady declines. But the uptick seems mostly an artifact of higher housing costs, an item that shows a longer-term downward trend in prices. The market read this morning is, therefore, that this is continued good news on inflation and that it cements the likelihood that the Fed will stand pat on interest rates at its September 20 meeting. The CME FedWatch tool put the odds of no increase from the Fed on September 20 at 90.5% today. That’s up from odds of 86% yesterday, August 9. But if the question of what the Fed will do in September is settled (in the market’s mind at least), the issue of what the Fed will do (or say) about the future direction of interest rates remains uncertain.
